448 FXUS63 KMKX 181706 AFDMKXArea Forecast Discussion National Weather Service Milwaukee/Sullivan WI 1206 PM CDT Thu Sep 18 2025
.KEY MESSAGES...
- Chances (20% to 30%) for showers and possibly a storm over south central WI this afternoon through Fri AM, then showers and storms becoming likely for Fri nt.
- A Small Craft Advisory may be needed from Sheboygan to Winthrop Harbor late Friday night into early Saturday afternoon due to breezy southeast winds and building waves.
- A Beach Hazard Statement by be needed from Sheboygan County south to Kenosha County due to a High Swim Risk late Friday night into early Saturday afternoon. Persistent breezy southeast winds and building waves are forecast.
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.UPDATE... Issued 1206 PM CDT Thu Sep 18 2025
Another warm day is already underway over srn WI with temps warming into the lower 80s. Mid level moisture and brief and light showers will continue to stream nwd from ern IA toward sw WI this afternoon and evening. This activity is expected to increase in coverage and intensity tnt over IA and MN as vorticity maximums continue to stream nwd around the main upper trough over ern SD. A sly low level jet of 25 kts and associated thetae advection will aid in this development. South central WI will remain on the ern fringes of the expected precipitation with 20-30 percent chances forecast.
Farther to the east this afternoon and evening, a weak backdoor cold front will gradually push off the lake and move inland. There currently are showers and storms over central Lake MI along and behind the front, but the front will become shallower, and the higher PWS of 1.5 inches to the north will not translate swd. Thus will maintain a dry frontal passage this afternoon and evening for east central and se WI.
For Fri-Fri nt the upper trough and weak sfc low over wrn MN Fri AM will lift into nw MN for Fri nt. A trailing and weak sfc trough and cold front will move into central or ern IA for Fri afternoon then to the MS River Fri nt. One or two vorticity maximums in sly flow aloft will be traversing through the area along with PWs of 1.3-1.4 inches and MUCAPE of 1000-1500 J/KG. The models are responding with more greater and more widespread QPF. Showers will become likely (60%) with chances for storms Fri afternoon west of Madison then likely for all of srn WI Fri nt.
Gehring
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.SHORT TERM... Issued 347 AM CDT Thu Sep 18 2025
Today through Friday:
Patchy ground fog will be possible again this morning, with areas dissipating after dawn. Then, partly sunny skies are expected through most of today, with highs generally in the 80s, save for areas along the immediate Lake Michigan shoreline.
A lobe of the Upper Low over the northern plains is expected to dig into Iowa/eastern Nebraska this afternoon and evening, causing areas of thunderstorms over Iowa. Some of these thunderstorms may move into areas along and west of a Monroe/Madison/Fond du Lac line during the late afternoon into the evening.
Shower and storm chances then slowly begin to progress east on Friday as the surface low finally meanders into western MN/IA. Better chances move in (30 to 50%) move in west of the lakeshore Friday afternoon.
CMiller
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.LONG TERM... Issued 323 AM CDT Thu Sep 18 2025
Friday night through Wednesday:
Low pressure will finally eject out of the central Plains Friday night, pushing northeastward into Manitoba and slowly dragging a front through southern Wisconsin. High pressure continuing to sit just to the east over Quebec and Ontario will result in a prolonged period of on-and-off showers and thunderstorms through the weekend (30 to 50 percent chance in any given time frame) as the front stalls over southern Wisconsin. Expect almost all areas to see some rainfall over the course of the whole weekend.
As high pressure slowly exits into Monday, the front begins to shift eastward out of the area. However, a shortwave traveling southward along the Rockies through the weekend will catch the southern tail of this front and spin its way into a surface low pressure system Monday into Tuesday, bringing additional rainfall chances to the Great Lakes region. However, exactly how this shortwave will phase with the trough and therefore how much lift will be brought to southern Wisconsin remains in question. Lowered confidence results in lower precipitation chances (15 to 30 percent) across the entire Monday to Tuesday timeframe. Model divergence becomes even more apparent going into Wednesday, with solutions for low pressure placement ranging from the Great Lakes (GFS) to the Lower Mississippi Valley (ECMWF) to eastern Ontario (Canadian). Kept NBM solution for this time frame.
MH
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.AVIATION... Issued 1206 PM CDT Thu Sep 18 2025
VFR conditions this afternoon and evening then areas of MVFR Cigs and Vsbys developing in the overnight hours mainly north of Madison and Milwaukee, but also west of Madison. The stratus clouds will then lift to 3.5-4.5 kft for the afternoon. Isolated to scattered high based showers will be possible tnt over south central WI with increasing chances for Fri afternoon and night.
Gehring
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.MARINE... Issued 1206 PM CDT Thu Sep 18 2025
Light to modest northeast winds over the northern half of the lake will gradually expand into the southern half of the lake this afternoon with the passage of a weak backdoor cold front. Light to modest northeast winds are then expected tonight becoming easterly on Friday. Breezy east to southeast winds will then prevail Friday night through Saturday morning as Canadian high pressure strengthens to around 30.4 inches as it moves into the Lower Great Lakes and southern Quebec, and as low pressure around 29.9 inches moves from the eastern Dakotas into Minnesota. Intermittent showers and thunderstorms are expected Friday night through Sunday. A Small Craft Advisory may be needed late Friday night into early Saturday afternoon from Sheboygan to Winthrop Harbor due to breezy southeast winds and building waves.
Gehring
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.MKX WATCHES/WARNINGS/ADVISORIES... WI...None. LM...None. &&
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NWS MKX Office Area Forecast Discussion